Old Bay of Tangier, Morocco Nautical Chart by Heather, 1802: Portuguese & English Forts, Battle Site
Old Bay of Tangier, Morocco Nautical Chart by Heather, 1802: Portuguese & English Forts, Battle Site
Old Bay of Tangier, Morocco Nautical Chart by Heather, 1802: Portuguese & English Forts, Battle Site
Old Bay of Tangier, Morocco Nautical Chart by Heather, 1802: Portuguese & English Forts, Battle Site

Old Bay of Tangier, Morocco Nautical Chart by Heather, 1802: Portuguese & English Forts, Battle Site

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The Bay of Tangier: A Rare Cartographic Masterpiece

The Bay of Tangier map, engraved in 1802 by the esteemed London publisher William Heather, represents a significant piece in the history of cartography. This rare chart, part of Heather's "The New Mediterranean Pilot," marks a pivotal English endeavor to document the Mediterranean's ports—a venture previously dominated by French, Italian, and Spanish cartographers. The map, with its meticulous engravings signed by John Stephenson, stands out for its precision and artistic quality, contrasting sharply with the more rudimentary charts produced by Heather's continental contemporaries. Oriented with south at the top, it provides a unique perspective of Tangier, Morocco, highlighting its strategic maritime importance through detailed soundings, topographical features, and anchorages.

Navigational and Topographical Details

This finely crafted chart offers more than just a geographical representation; it serves as a vital navigational tool with its detailed soundings and anchorages clearly marked. The inclusion of these elements not only guided mariners safely into the bay but also reflected the evolving needs of naval and merchant shipping during the early 19th century. The map meticulously documents various landmarks of Tangier, from the bustling port and the historic Mole Head to the strategic Turkish Anchorage and the surrounding hills, providing a comprehensive view of the area's maritime landscape.

Historical and Military Significance

Beyond its navigational utility, the map is a treasure trove of historical insights, particularly into Tangier's rich military heritage. It details the locations of multiple forts built by different colonial powers through the centuries, including Portuguese, English, Spanish, French, and American forts. Each fort's placement underscores the bay's geopolitical significance and the tumultuous history of control over this strategic North African port. The map also marks the site of the Battle of Tangier (1471), adding a layer of historical depth to its already rich cartographic narrative.

Artistic and Aesthetic Appeal

The artistic merit of "The Bay of Tangier" chart is undeniable. Each line and lettering is finely engraved, reflecting the high standards of London's engraving work at the time, spearheaded by talents like John Stephenson. The map's aesthetic, with its detailed coastal lines and textured representation of the hilly terrains, not only serves a practical purpose but also makes it a visually appealing artifact. This chart is not merely a tool for navigation but a work of art, suitable for both study and display in any collection of fine maps.

Rarity and Collector's Value

Given its scarcity and the craftsmanship it exhibits, "The Bay of Tangier" is a prized possession for collectors and historians alike. As one of the rare charts from Heather's "The New Mediterranean Pilot," it holds significant value not only for its artistic and historical qualities but also as a specimen of early 19th-century English cartographic ambition. The map's rarity is enhanced by its condition and the fact that such charts seldom appear on the market, making it an exceptional find for enthusiasts of rare maps and maritime history.

What can be seen on this map

  • The Bay of Tangier
  • Old Tangier
  • C. Malabat
  • Muscle Bank
  • C. Tangier
  • Tingier
  • Mole
  • Port
  • Mole Head
  • Clear Ground
  • Turkish Anchorage
  • Rock
  • Fout Ground
  • Rocks
  • Zandvine
  • Chosan
  • White Hills
  • Watch Tower
  • South Ft
  • Atas Tomb
  • River
  • Sand

Notable Features & Landmarks

  • The city of Tangier, located on the western side of the bay
  • The old city of Tangier, located on the eastern side of the bay
  • The location of the Battle of Tangier, which took place in 1471
  • Portuguese Fort, built in the 15th century
  • English Fort, built in the 17th century
  • Spanish Fort, built in the 18th century
  • French Fort, built in the 19th century
  • American Fort, built in the 20th century
  • Italian Fort, built in the 21st century

Historical and design context

  • Rare antique engraved chart of Tangier, Morocco, published by William Heather in London
  • Part of Heather's "The New Mediterranean Pilot," the first English attempt at a collection of ports of the Mediterranean
  • Notable for the finely engraved charts, many signed in monogram by the London engraver John Stephenson
  • Oriented with south at the top
  • Includes soundings, some topographical features, and anchorages
  • Reflects the high standards of London's engraving work at the time

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